Courthouse Wedding Guide for Immigration Purposes
Congratulations on your upcoming marriage and new chapter together! For many couples—whether immigrant or U.S.-born—a courthouse wedding, also called a civil marriage or civil ceremony, is a popular and practical option. It is often quicker to arrange, far more affordable than a traditional wedding, and still provides the legally binding documentation required for marriage-based immigration.
In this comprehensive guide, Green Card Link explains everything you need to know about planning a courthouse wedding, obtaining a marriage license, and how your marriage connects to the immigration process.
Why Choose a Courthouse Wedding?
The average American wedding in 2019 cost around $33,000. Between venues, catering, formal attire, rings, and planners, expenses quickly add up. A courthouse wedding allows couples to save significantly while still securing the marriage certificate necessary for immigration.
This option is particularly important for couples applying for a K-1 fiancé visa. The K-1 visa requires the foreign fiancé to marry their U.S. citizen partner within 90 days of entry. Planning a traditional wedding in such a short timeframe can be stressful and unrealistic, making a courthouse marriage the most practical path. Later, couples can always celebrate with a larger ceremony once immigration matters are settled.
How a Courthouse Wedding Works
A courthouse wedding is a non-religious, legally binding ceremony performed by a judge or county clerk, typically at a courthouse or city hall. Once completed, the couple receives an official marriage certificate. This certificate is essential evidence when applying for a marriage-based green card or other immigration benefits.
The first step is selecting the courthouse or city hall where you wish to marry. Requirements vary by county and state. Some jurisdictions allow couples to marry the same day they receive their marriage license, while others impose a waiting period. Always confirm details with the local county clerk’s office.
If you are pressed for time, marrying in your local courthouse is usually the fastest option. However, if you prefer another location, review that state’s marriage license laws, since some require the license to be obtained in the jurisdiction where you live.
What You’ll Need for a Courthouse Marriage
When applying for your marriage license, prepare the following:
- A valid government-issued ID (passport, driver’s license, or naturalization certificate)
- Payment for marriage license fees (typically under $100)
- Divorce decree, if either spouse was previously married
Some states impose additional requirements. For example, in Florida, residents must complete a four-hour premarital preparation course or observe a three-day waiting period before their marriage license becomes valid. Completing the course reduces the license fee.
Courthouse Wedding Costs
Marriage license fees vary by state, but they are generally less than $100. Some states offer reduced fees if couples complete a premarital class. For example, in Florida, the standard fee is $86, but it drops to $61 with proof of course completion.
Day-of Ceremony Preparation
On the wedding day, bring:
- A valid marriage license
- Government-issued identification for both spouses
- Witnesses (requirements vary by courthouse; some require one, others two)
- Appointment confirmation, if required
- Optional details to personalize your day (photographer, flowers, champagne, formal attire)
The ceremony usually lasts about 20 minutes. Afterward, you’ll walk away with your official marriage certificate—proof that your marriage is legally recognized in the U.S.
Immigration and Courthouse Marriages
One of the most common questions couples ask is whether a courthouse wedding qualifies for a marriage-based green card. The answer is yes. USCIS recognizes civil ceremonies as valid marriages for immigration purposes, provided the marriage is legal in the jurisdiction where it occurred.
If you were married abroad, your marriage may also be valid for U.S. immigration if it was legal under the foreign country’s laws. However, exceptions exist, such as marriages involving underage spouses or polygamous marriages. In some cases, couples may need to remarry in the United States for immigration purposes.
At Green Card Link, immigration attorneys ensure your marriage and supporting documents meet USCIS requirements, reducing delays or denials.
Frequently Asked Questions About Courthouse Weddings
Who officiates a courthouse wedding?
A judge or county clerk typically officiates the ceremony.
Does USCIS accept courthouse marriages for green cards?
Yes. A courthouse marriage is fully valid for immigration purposes.
What’s the difference between a marriage license and a marriage certificate?
A license is obtained before the ceremony, while the certificate is issued after the marriage.
Can I get married with an expired marriage license?
No, the ceremony must take place while the license is valid.
Can I bring a photographer to my courthouse wedding?
It depends on the courthouse. Always confirm their policy beforehand.
Is there a dress code for courthouse weddings?
While there is no strict requirement, many immigration attorneys at Green Card Link recommend dressing formally to demonstrate the seriousness of your union, especially if photos will be part of your immigration evidence.
Are proxy marriages recognized by USCIS?
Proxy marriages are only valid for immigration if consummated afterward.
Will my foreign marriage be recognized in the U.S.?
If legally valid where performed, it is generally recognized. However, always review the State Department’s reciprocity tables for your country and consult with immigration attorneys at Green Card Link to confirm.
Start Your Immigration Journey with Green Card Link
Marriage-based immigration can be overwhelming, especially with strict deadlines and varying requirements. At Green Card Link, its immigration attorneys guide you through the entire process—from ensuring your marriage certificate is valid for USCIS to preparing and submitting a strong green card application.
A courthouse wedding may be the simplest way to reunite with your spouse in the United States. Let Green Card Link help you make the next step with confidence.