Denied U.S. Citizenship? What You Need to Know and How to Take Action
For many immigrants, becoming a United States citizen is the ultimate milestone—the day when years of effort, sacrifice, and dreams finally come together. But because this moment is so important, it’s critical to approach the process with meticulous care. Small mistakes can lead to denials of your N-400 Application for Naturalization, delaying your path to citizenship. At Green Card Link, its immigration attorneys are dedicated to helping clients avoid these pitfalls and secure the approval they deserve.
Eligibility Requirements for Naturalization
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) applies strict legal standards when reviewing applications for naturalization. Before filing your N-400, you must meet these general requirements:
- Be at least 18 years old at the time of filing
- Hold a green card for at least 5 years before applying (3 years if applying through marriage to a U.S. citizen)
- Reside in your state or USCIS district for at least 3 months prior to filing
- Maintain physical presence in the United States for at least 30 months out of the past 5 years
- Continuously reside in the U.S. from the date of filing until naturalization
- Demonstrate English proficiency and knowledge of U.S. history and civics
- Show good moral character
- Support and uphold the principles of the U.S. Constitution
While these requirements appear straightforward, denials can and do occur—often for common reasons applicants overlook.
Common Reasons for Denial of U.S. Citizenship
Understanding why applications are denied is key to preventing mistakes. Below are some of the most frequent causes:
1. Failing the English and Civics Test
The naturalization process includes both English language and civics exams. While many find the test manageable, lack of preparation can lead to failure. USCIS allows multiple attempts, and study materials are available in advance. Certain long-term residents over age 50 or 55 may qualify for exemptions.
2. Lack of Good Moral Character
USCIS closely examines applicants’ backgrounds for compliance with the law. Offenses such as DUIs, illegal gambling, failing to pay child support, or imprisonment of 180 days or more within the past 5 years can result in denial. More serious crimes, such as murder or terrorism, permanently bar applicants from citizenship.
Because the definition of “good moral character” can be broad, consulting with an immigration attorney at Green Card Link is essential to evaluate your personal history before applying.
3. Failing to Meet Physical Presence Requirements
Applicants must have lived in the United States for at least 30 months during the 5 years before applying. Long trips abroad, even unintentional overstays, can break the continuity of residence and lead to denial.
4. Tax and Financial Issues
Unpaid taxes or unresolved IRS obligations are frequent causes of denial. Before filing, it’s critical to address tax debts or set up payment plans. Immigration attorneys at Green Card Link can help coordinate with the IRS to resolve financial obstacles.
5. Fraud or Misrepresentation
Providing false or inconsistent information on your application is one of the most serious errors. USCIS carefully reviews applications for accuracy, and even minor omissions may be considered fraudulent. Always answer truthfully, and if you’re unsure, seek guidance from Green Card Link.
6. Green Card Issues
During the naturalization review, USCIS may revisit how your green card was obtained. For example, if a marriage-based green card was later followed by divorce, the government may scrutinize whether the original marriage was genuine. Having the right legal guidance is crucial to address these concerns.
What to Do After a Citizenship Denial
A denial of citizenship is not always the end of your journey. In many cases, applicants have legal options to challenge the decision.
Filing Legal Motions
- Motion to Reopen: Submitted when new evidence becomes available that could change USCIS’s decision.
- Motion to Reconsider: Filed if you believe USCIS made a legal error in its decision.
Appealing the Decision
You may also request a hearing by filing Form N-336 (Request for a Hearing on a Decision in Naturalization Proceedings). Your case will be reviewed by a different USCIS officer, and you may be given another chance to pass the civics or English exams if necessary.
How Green Card Link Can Help
Being denied U.S. citizenship can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to navigate the process alone. At Green Card Link, its immigration attorneys work closely with clients to ensure every detail of the application is complete, accurate, and legally sound. Whether you are preparing your initial N-400 or appealing a denial, Green Card Link can guide you through each step with professionalism and care.
If you’re ready to apply for citizenship—or if you’ve already received a denial—contact Green Card Link today to schedule a consultation with one of its experienced immigration attorneys. With the right strategy and support, your path to becoming a U.S. citizen can still be successful.